A new antibiotic was discovered in a technician’s garden

New Antibiotic Molecule Kills Mycobacteria Tuberculosis by Targeting the ATP-Dependent Protease ClpC1P2

Researchers have discovered a new antibiotic molecule that targets a broad range of disease-causing bacteria — even strains resistant to commercial drugs — and is not toxic to human cells1.

The molecule was found in soil samples collected from a laboratory technician’s garden. The discovery shows that “there is terrifically interesting stuff hiding in plain sight”, says Kim Lewis, a microbiologist at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts, who was not involved in the research. “Kudos to them that they knew what to look for.”

The search for new antibiotics is necessary because bacteria acquire resistance to existing drugs with continued use. The number of deaths associated withbacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs could rise to almost 2 million by the year 2050.

Wright and his group are looking to find new tricks that kill the pathogens. They collected soil samples in Petri dishes with growth medium and stored them for a year. The researchers then exposed the microbes from these samples to Escherichia coli, a common gut bacterium that can cause serious disease.

Further rounds of screening, genome sequencing and structural analysis revealed that the bacterium produces a molecule that belongs to a group of peptides that form a lasso-shaped knot. These are known for their strength and can even survive being eaten. “It’s a nice, really compact and incredibly robust structure,” says Wright.

The molecule which the researchers called lariocidin, is found in the ribosome, and is used to bind to the ribosome and transferRNA. By trying to prevent the code from being read correctly, it corrupts the code by jumbling it. Ultimately, this means that the ribosome produces incorrect peptides, some of which probably end up being toxic to the bacterium and killing it, says Lewis. The reason why pathogens haven’t developed resistance to lariocidin is because it uses a different mode of action than other antibiotics.

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Source: A broad-spectrum lasso peptide antibiotic targeting the bacterial ribosome

Benchmarking Hybrid Assembly Approaches for Genomic Analysis of Bacterial Pathogens Using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Sequencing

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Source: A broad-spectrum lasso peptide antibiotic targeting the bacterial ribosome

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