There is a missing link betweengamma-ray flashes and TGFs
UIB-BGO, iSTORM, EXRAD, AMPR, LIP, EFCM: The ALOFT Campaign, the ER-2 Project Team, the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, and
This work made use of data from UIB-BGO, iSTORM, EXRAD, AMPR, LIP and EFCM from the ALOFT instrument suite, very-high-frequency data from the Central Florida Lightning Mapping Array (CFLMA) and Advanced Baseline Imager data from the GOES-16 and GOES-18 geostationary satellites. The Research Council of Norway and European Research Council supported the ALOFT campaign and the UIB-BGO instrument. Some of the simulations were done using resources from the National Infrastructure for High Performance Computing and Data Storage in Norway. NN9526K. Work at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) on ALOFT is supported by the Office of Naval Research 6.1 funds. Also, D. Shy is supported by the NRL’s Jerome and Isabella Karle Fellowship. The New Mexico Tech authors acknowledge NSF grants 1720600 and 2214044, R. Brown of the University of Central Florida for setting up and operating the CFLMA stations and W. Rison for providing the data. Funded by the projects was the participation of J.A. R., J.A.L., M. U., O.v.d.V. and J.M. M.F. was sponsored by the Royal Society (UK) grant NMG/R1/180252 and the Natural Environment Research Council (UK) under grants NE/L012669/1 and NE/H024921/1. S.C. and Y.P. were partly supported by the National Science Foundation Dynamic and Physical Meteorology programme through grant no. AGS-2026304. We thank the NASA ER-2 Project Team at NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center for supporting the ALOFT campaign and the MacDill Air Force Base for hosting. The NASA Earth Science Division provided logistical support for ALOFT. The governments of Mexico,Caribbean countries, Latin America, and the Caribbean were able to approve ER-2 overflights in support of ALOFT. ALOFT supports the GOES rmescale domain sectors. The FEGS and EFCM team acknowledge the work of S. Podgorny, D. Corredor and M. Stewart. We appreciate the work of D.uil, C. Amiot, and E.Cranston. We do not object to the high altitude radar group providing data.
